European Heraldry

Holy Roman Emperors
Archdukes of Austria
1508-1637

• Maximilian I, (1459-1519), King of the Romans from 1493 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1508. Archduke of Inner Austria, Duke of Styria, and Carniola from 1493, Archduke of Further Austria, Archduke of Upper Austria, Count of the Tyrol from 1490, Titular Duke of Burgundy de jure uxoris from 1477 to 1482. Son of Frederick III.

Son of Emperor Maximilian I:

• Philip I, (1478-1506), known Philip the Fair, was the son of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor. Through his mother Mary of Burgundy he inherited the greater part of the Duchy of Burgundy and the Burgundian Netherlands (as Philip IV of Burgundy) and through his wife Joanna the Mad he briefly succeeded to the Kingdom of Castile. He was the first Habsburg ruler in Spain and his successors recognized him as Philip I of Spain. He predeceased his father.

Sons of Philip the Fair:

• Charles V, (1500- 1558), Holy Roman Emperor from 1519 and, as Charles I of Spain, of the Spanish realms from 1516 until his abdication in 1556.

Founded the senior line of the Spanish Habsburgs extinct in 1700. See Spain.

• Ferdinand I, (1503- 1564), Archduke of Austria, Infante of Castile, León, Aragon and Navarre, Holy Roman Emperor from 1558, King of Bohemia, Hungary and Croatia from 1526.

Sons of Emperor Ferdinand I:

• Maximilian II, (1527- 1576), King of Bohemia from 1562, King of Germany from 1563, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire from 1564.
• Ferdinand II of Austria, (1529-1595), Archduke of Further Austria and Count of Tyrol. Morganatic line of the Burgrave of Burgau extinct 1618.
• Charles II of Austria, (1540- 1590), Archduke of Inner Austria and Duke of Styria.

Sons of Emperor Maximilian II:

• Rudolf II, (1552-1612), as Rudolf II (1576-1612), King of Hungary as Rudolf (1572-1608), as Rudolf II (1575-1608/1611) and Archduke of Austria as Rudolf V (1576-1608).
• Ernest of Austria, (1553- 1595), Archduke of Austria, Governor of the Spanish Netherlands.
• Matthias, (1557- 1619), Archduke of Further Austria, (1612-1619), King of Hungary (1608-1619) as Matthias II, King of (1611-1619).
• Maximilian III, ( 1558- 1618), Archduke of Further Austria, Grand Master of the Teutonic Order from 1585.
• Albert VII of Austria, ( 1559- 1621), Archduke of Austria, Governor of the Spanish Netherlands.

Sons of Charles II of Austria, Duke of Styria:

• Ferdinand II, (1578-1637), Holy Roman Emperor (1619-1637), King of Bohemia (1617-1619, 1620-1637), King of Hungary (1618-1625), Archduke of Inner Austria, (1590–1637), Archduke of Further Austria (1619–1623).
• Leopold V of Austria, (1586- 1632), Archduke of Further Austria and Count of Tyrol from 1625.
• Charles I of Austria, (1590-1624), Bishop of Breslau from 1608 and Grand Master of the Teutonic Order from 1619.