European Heraldry
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Parma
Italy
Parma
House of Farnese
1545–1731
- Pope Paul III (1468-1549), born Alessandro Farnese. Pope from 1534.
Pope Paul III (1468-1549)
- Pier Luigi Farnese (1503- 1547), the first Duke of Parma, Piacenza and Castro, from 1545. Pier Luigi was the illegitimate son of Cardinal Alessandro Farnese (who later became Pope Paul III).
- Ottavio Farnese (1524- 1586), Duke of Parma and Piacenza from 1556 and Duke of Castro in 1545-1547. Knight of the Golden Fleece.
Pier Luigi Farnese (1503-1547)
Ottavio Farnese ( 1524-1586)
- Alexander Farnese (1545- 1592), Duke of Parma and Piacenza from 1586, and Governor of the Spanish Netherlands from 1578. Knight of the Golden Fleece.
- Ranuccio I (1569- 1622), Duke of Parma and Piacenza from 1592.Knight of the Golden Fleece.
Alexander Farnese (1545-1592)
Ranuccio I Farnese (1569-1622)
- Francesco Maria Farnese (1678- 1727), Duke of Parma and Piacenza from 1694. Grand Master of the Constantinian Order of Saint George from 1698.
Line extinct 1731.
Francesco Maria Farnese (1678-1727)
House of Bourbon
1731–1735, 1748–1803, 1847-1860
- Charles III (1716- 1788), King of Spain 1759–88 (as Carlos III), King of Naples and 1735–59 (as Carlo VII and Carlo V), and Duke of Parma 1732–35 (as Carlo I). Son of Philip V of Spain and Elizabeth Farnese.
Duke of Parma 1732–35
- Infante Philip of Spain, (1720-1765), Duke of Parma, Plasencia and Guastalla from 1748. Son of Philip V of Spain and Elizabeth Farnese.
Duke of Parma 1748-1803
- Louis, (1773-1803), Duke of Parma, King of Etruria from 1802.
King of Etruria 1802–1807
- Charles Louis of Bourbon-Parma (1799- 1883), King of Etruria (1803–1807), Duke of Lucca (1824–1847), and Duke of Parma (1847–1848).
Duke of Lucca 1824–1847
Duke of Parma 1847-1860
House of Habsburg
1735–1748, 1814-1860
- Charles VI, (1685- 1740), , King of Hungary from 1711 to 1740, Archduke of Austria. From 1703 to 1711 claimant to the throne of Spain as Charles III. King of Sicily (1720–34), King of Naples (1713–35), King of Sardinia (1713–20), Duke of Parma and Piacenza (1735–40) and Duke of (1735–40).
- Maria Theresa, (1717-1780), Archduchess of Austria, Queen of Hungary and Queen of Bohemia from 1740, Grand Duchess of Tuscany and a Holy Roman Empress by marriage to Francis of Lorraine. Duchess of Parma and Piacenza (1740–48).
Duke of Parma and Piacenza 1735–40
- Marie Louise of Austria (1791- 1847), became upon marriage Empress of the French and in 1817 became Duchess of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla for her life.
Marie Louise of Austria (1791-1847)